Little feet grow fast! Babies and kids go through big changes in their early years, making foot health super important. Regular check-ups with a podiatrist can catch issues early and keep those tiny toeson the right track!

#HealthyFeet
#PediatricPodiatry
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Dr. Sahiba Singh, DPM, AACFAS
Kevin Lam, DPM, FACFAS

Overview:

• Flat Feet
• Heel Pain
• Ingrown Toenails
• Plantar Warts
• Athlete’s Foot
• In-Toeing
• Toe-Walking
• Overpronation

Pediatric foot health is a critical component of a child’s overall development, influencing their mobility, posture, and participation in daily activities. As a podiatrist, I frequently encounter various foot ailments in children that, if left unaddressed, can lead to discomfort and long-term complications. Understanding these common conditions, their causes, symptoms, and treatment options is essential for ensuring the well-being of our young patients.

FLAT FEET (PES PLANUS)

Flat feet, or pes planus, is a prevalent condition among children where the arches of the feet fail to develop properly, resulting in the entire sole making contact with the ground. While many infants are born with flat feet, the arches typical form by the age of six. In most cases, flat feet are asymptomatic and do not interfere with a child’s daily activities. However, some children may experience pain, fatigue, or cramping in the feet and legs, particularly during physical activities. When symptoms are present, interventions such as stretching exercises, supportive footwear, or custom orthotic devices may be recommended to alleviate discomfort and promote proper foot alignment.

HEEL PAIN (SEVER’S DISEASE)

Heel pain in children is often attributed to Sever’s disease, or calcaneal apophysitis, which involves inflammation of the growth plate in the heel bone. This condition commonly affects physically active children between the ages of 8 and 14, coinciding with periods of rapid growth.

The repetitive stress from activities such as running and jumping can exacerbate the condition, leading to discomfort during or after exercise. Management strategies include rest, application of ice to reduce inflammation, stretching exercises targeting the calf muscles, and, in some cases, the use of heel pads or orthotic devices to provide additional support. Prompt attention to these symptoms is crucial to prevent further complications and ensure a swift return to normal activities.

INGROWN TOENAILS

Ingrown toenails occur when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, redness, and potential infection. This condition is relatively common in children and can result from improper nail trimming, tight-fitting shoes, or inherited nail shapes. Early signs include tenderness along the nail borders and swelling. If left untreated, an ingrown toenail can lead to significant discomfort and infection. Initial treatment involves soaking the foot in warm water to soften the nail and reduce inflammation. However, if the condition persists or worsens, professional intervention may be necessary to remove the offending nail portion and provide appropriate care to prevent recurrence.

Plantar Warts

Plantar warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and appear as small, rough growths on the soles of the feet. Children are particularly susceptible due to their frequent use of communal areas such as swimming pools and locker rooms, where the virus thrives. These warts can be painful, especially when located on weight-bearing areas, and may resemble calluses. Over-the-counter treatments are available, but plantar warts can be stubborn and resistant to home remedies. Professional treatments may include cryotherapy (freezing), laser therapy, or application of stronger topical agents to effectively remove the wart and reduce the likelihood of recurrence.

ATHLETE’S FOOT (TINEA PEDIS)

Athlete’s foot is a fungal infection that affects the skin between the toes and on the soles of the feet. Children who frequently wear damp socks or tight shoes are at increased risk. Symptoms include itching, redness, peeling skin, and, in some cases, blisters.

Maintaining proper foot hygiene – such as keeping feet clean and dry, changing socks regularly, and wearing breathable footwear – is essential in preventing this condition. Over-the-counter antifungal treatments are often effective but persistent or severe cases may require prescription-strength medications.

IN-TOEING (PIGEON TOES)

In-toeing, commonly referred to as pigeon toes, is characterized by the inward turning of a child’s feet when walking or running. This condition is often observed in toddlers and young children and can result from various factors, including femoral anteversion (inward twisting of the thigh bone) or tibial torsion (inward twisting of the shin bone). In many instances, in-toeing resolves naturally as the child grows and develops. However, if the conditon persists beyond early childhood or is accompanied by pain or functional limitations, a thorough evaluation is warranted. Interventions may include observation, physical therapy, or, in rare cases, surgical correction to ensure proper alignment and function.

TOE WALKING

Toe-walking refers to a walking pattern where a child primarily walks on the balls of their feet, with little to no contact between the heels and the ground. While it’s common for toddlers to exhibit this behavior during the initial stages of walking, persistent toe-walking beyond the age of two may indicate underlying issues such as tight calf muscles, neurological conditions, or developmental disorders. Early assessment is crucial to determine the cause and implement appropriate interventions. Treatment options may include stretching exercises, physical therapy, or, in some cases, bracing or surgical procedures to lengthen the Achilles tendon.

OVERPRONATION

Overpronation occurs when the foot rolls inward excessively during walking or running, leading to an improper distribution of weight. This condition can contribute to various issues, including foot and ankle pain, shin splints, and knee problems. In children, overpronation is often associated with flexible flat feet. While some degree of pronation is normal, excessive pronation that lead to discomfort or functional impairment may require intervention.

Treatment strategies can include strengthening exercises, supportive footwear, and custom orthotic devices designed to correct the foot’s alignment and improve overall function.

Ensuring your child’s foot health is vital for their overall development and well-being. If you’ve noticed any of the conditions discussed or have concerns about your child’s feet, seeking professional evaluation is essential. Taking proactive steps today can ensure your child steps into a healthier future.

If your child is experiencing any foot ailment, don’t delay, contact Dr. Singh’s office at (239) 430-3668 (FOOT) or visit www.NaplesPodiatrist.com.

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