Hallux rigidus is a joint disorder on the base of the big toe, called the metatarsophalangeal joint or MTP joint. Hallux refers to the big toe while rigidus means rigid and cannot move.
Pain and stiffness of the big toe can be a problem. The MTP joint is important because it has to bend each time you take a step. The simple tasks of walking, running, bending over, or simply keeping the balance may become difficult if you have hallux rigidus.
Causes
It is not clearly know why hallux rigidus appears in some people and not on others. The most common reason for hallux rigidus is faulty function and structural foot abnormalities that lead to osteoarthritis in the big toe joint. Injury to the toe that damages the articular cartilage may also incress stress in the joint. The condition is more commonly seen in adults between 30 and 60 years old.
Signs and Symptoms of Hallux Rigidus
- Swelling around the joint
- Pain in the joint associated with activity
- Big toe stiffness and inability to bend it up or down
- A bump on the top of the foot
- Difficulties during running, walking uphill, squatting
Diagnosis
See your podiatrist if you find it difficult to bend your toe up and down or find that you are walking on the outside of the foot because of pain in the toe. Hallux rigidus is easier to treat with early intervention. In the later stages, the bone spurs may develop and can make it more difficult to fix.
Examination of the foot and joint may reveal bone spurs, limited motion, and pain. Xrays will show the location and size as well as the degree of degeneration.
Treatment
Pain relievers and NSAIDs can help reduce pain and inflammation. Likewise, ice packs or taking contrast baths can also control symptoms for a limited period. Wearing shoes with wider toe boxes reduce pressure on the big toe. Avoiding high heels can help too. Shoes with stiff soles or other supportive shoes can reduce the amount of bend in the big toe. Avoid activities that place too much stress on the foot. Swimming and bicycling are better alternatives for tennis, jumping, and running.
However, as this is a slowly progressive condition, these may not be enough to control its development into a more advanced state.
Surgery for hallux rigidus
This can be considered if conservative treatments do not relieve pain and stiffness on the big toe joint. There are several types of surgery for treatment of hallux rigidus. One of the latest implants CARTIVA is a polyvinyl synthetic implant that enables the surgeon to replace the damaged cartilage. This is an excellent option for select patients suffering from big toe arthritis with good alignment of the toe and want to retain the first MTP motion they have while obtaining significant pain reduction and foot function.
The foot and ankle surgeon will take into consideration the extent of the deformity and other factors such as age and activity level to determine the best surgical procedure for each patient.
For more information on hallux rigidus, you may contact Dr. Kevin Lam’s office at (239) 430-3668 (FOOT) or NaplesPodiatrist.com
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Serving Southwest Florida Since 2005, Family Foot & Leg Center has 9 convenient locations throughout Collier, Lee, Charlotte, and Sarasota Counties. Offering pediatric to geriatric family care: Ingrown Toenails, Heel Pain, Bunions, Foot / Ankle Arthritis Pain, Plantar Fasciitis, Foot / Ankle Surgery, Custom Orthotics, and Diabetic Wound Care. In office X-rays, ultrasounds, and minor surgical suite exam rooms. Practice powered by EMR and advanced technologies. Home of the Lam Minimal Invasive No-Scar Bunion Surgery! Come Discover Why Patients Love Our 5-Star Foot & Ankle Care! Same Day Appointments! Easy Online Appointment Scheduling!
